DevSecOps 101 part 1: Software Component Analysis (SCA)

Tristan Kalos -

I have been crawling through software engineering and cybersecurity blogs for a few years now, and I have always been surprised by the lack of cybersecurity resources targeting developers. Like if the cybersecurity and the developer community barely spoke to each other.

Our goal at Escape is to be a gap closer between those two worlds. Thus, I took this opportunity to write a full guide explaining how to secure an application during development. This guide targets CTOs, engineering leads, and developers. Therefore, it does not require any prior knowledge of cybersecurity.

To put it in practice, we will add a complete security testing to Damn Vulnerable Python Web Application throughout the whole guide. DVPWA, as its name tells, is a vulnerable web app written in Python. We will take Github Actions as an example of CI/CD, though this will be mostly generalizable.

You can find other parts of this guide below:

What is Software Component Analysis?

The first step towards building more secure apps is detecting and avoiding using dependencies that have known vulnerabilities. This process is called Software Component Analysis or SCA.

It involves breaking down the software into its constituent parts, such as modules, libraries, or classes, and analyzing their functionality, dependencies, interactions, and relationships. This analysis helps in identifying the building blocks of the software, understanding how they contribute to the system's behavior, and assessing their quality, performance, and reusability. Additionally, Software Component Analysis aids in managing dependencies, identifying potential risks, and facilitating effective software maintenance and evolution.

Security step 1: Detecting insecure dependencies

There are a few commercial options like Snyk SCA, but we will use the open-source pip package safety for this tutorial.

First, let's clone DVPWA, create a virtual environment, and install the dependencies.

git clone git@github.com:anxolerd/dvpwa.git
cd dvpwa
python3 -m virtualenv .venv && source .venv/bin/activate
pip install -r requirements.txt

Now, let's install safety and run it

pip install safety
safety check --full-report

Simple, right? You should obtain the following output:

With several additional vulnerabilities. Notice that safety, as most SCA tools, gives information on the package version for which the vulnerability has been fixed. Good guy safety.

Now we know which of our packages are vulnerable, but what about triggering safety inside the CI/CD?

Integrating SCA into the CI/CD process

Let's add a Github workflow to our repository first. Create a: .github/workflows/main.yaml file and copy the following content inside:

on: [push]

jobs:
  dependency_analysis:
    runs-on:  ubuntu-latest
    name: Test dependencies for security flaws
    steps:
      - uses: actions/checkout@v2
      - name:
        run: pip3 install safety && safety check
        shell: bash

And then commit it:

git add .github/ && git commit -m"Add safety SCA to CI"
git push origin master

Click on the actions tab of your dvpwa's repository on Github. You should see the following:

Notice that the action failed, which is perfectly normal since dvpwa uses a lot of insecure dependencies. Our Damn vulnerable app is less vulnerable now!

Conclusion

We added a first security step inside our CI/CD in just a few minutes! Of course, we focused on Python in this tutorial, but SCAs exist for most common languages, and most work similarly.

In the next tutorial, we will have a look at code analysis, aka programs that read your code, to find security flaws inside.

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💡 Want know more about DevSecOps? Check out the following articles: